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BLAND
DIET
Description: The
bland diet omits all foods that are bowel stimulants and are irritating
to the gastrointestinal tract.
General Instructions:
1. Eat slowly and chew your food well.
2. Avoid all foods with rough skins, seeds or rough fiber. Avoid
fried or highly seasoned foods, black pepper, chili powder, cloves,
mustard seed, nutmeg, caffeine, cocoa, coffee, tea and alcohol.
Other spices, seasonings and beverages may be tried in moderate
amounts.
3. Avoid extremely hot or cold foods and beverages.
4. Avoid any other foods (even if listed as "allowed")
that you notice are irritating to you.
Beverages:
Allowed: All except beverages containing caffeine
and alcohol (decaffeinated coffee and cold drinks).
Avoid: All caffinated drinks (coffee, tea, coke, chocolate
drinks) and alcoholic beverages.
Breads and Cereals:
Allowed: Plain white and wheat bread. Refined
cooked cereals such as cream of wheat, cream of rice, farina, oatmeal;
refined dry cereals such as puffed wheat and cornflakes. Crisp waffles.
Spaghetti, noodles and macaroni. Rice. Saltine, graham, soda or
plain crackers.
Avoid: Whole grain cereals, breads and crackers. Breads and
cereals with seeds, nuts or raisins.
Deserts:
Allowed: Jello, gelatin, custard, plain pudding. Plain cake, pound
cake, sponge cake, angel food cake, cookies, ice cream and sherbert.
Avoid: All rich foods such as pies, pastries, candies, chocolate,
any with fruits not allowed, coconut or nuts.
Eggs:
Allowed: Poached, scrambled, soft or hard cooked, baked, creamed,
plain omelet or soufflé.
Avoid: Fried.
Fats:
Allowed: Butter, margarine, mayonnaise, cream, mild salad dressings,
salad oil, crisp bacon and smooth peanut butter.
Avoid: Spicy, seasoned dressings, nuts, crunchy peanut butter, rich
gravies and sauces.
Fruits and Juices:
Allowed: Stewed, peeled peaches, pears, apricots or baked apple
without skins. Canned peaches, pears. Royal Anne cherries, Bing
cherries. Applesauce. Ripe banana and avocado, and other pureed
fruits. All fruit juices.
Avoid: Fruits with coarse skins or seeds. Figs, raisins, pineapple,
berries, melon and coconut. Citrus fruits when consumed on an empty
stomach. Spiced or pickled fruits.
Meats, Fish and Poultry:
Allowed: Very tender beef, veal, lamb, fresh pork, liver, poultry
or fish which has been broiled, roasted or steamed. Crisp bacon.
Avoid: Bologna, luncheon meat, sausage, frankfurters, ham and all
pickled, salted and smoked meats. Rich gravies and sauces. Fatty
meats and all fried meats, fried fowl or fried fish
Cheese:
Allowed: Plain, mild-flavored, such as American, cottage and cream.
Avoid: Cheese with added spices, nuts or relishes.
Potatoes or Substitutes:
Allowed: Potato, mashed, baked, or broiled without skins. Sweet
potato or yams. Rice. Spaghetti, noodles or macaroni.
Avoid: Potato chips. Potato skins.
Soups:
Allowed: Cream soups made with foods permitted. Oyster stew, mildly
seasoned.
Avoid: Broth, bouillon, consommé, commercial creamed soups
which are highly seasoned. Any soup with a meat broth base.
Sweets:
Allowed: Jelly, sugar, syrup, honey, marshmallows, molasses. Gum
drops and fruit flavored hard candy.
Avoid: chewing gum, chocolates, candy made with fruit, coconut,
or nuts not allowed. Jam.
Spices:
Allowed: cinnamon, salt, sugar, mace, parsley, paprika and lemon
vinegar. Flavorings and extracts.
Avoid: pepper, hot sauce, chili sauce and all other spices.
Vegetables:
Allowed: Cooked tender asparagus tips, beets, carrots, green or
waxed beans, mushrooms, pumpkin, green peas, white or sweet potato
without skins, spinach, summer or winter squashes. Vegetables may
be creamed, scalloped or served in cream soups or gelatin salads,
mildly seasoned. Mild-flavored vegetable juices.
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BEZOAR AVOIDANCE
DIET
Description:
This diet is used when the stomach is having trouble digesting food
Avoid the following:
Oranges, Persimmons, Coconut, Berries, Green Beans
Figs, Apples, Saurkraut, Brussell Sprouts, Potato Peelings,
Maalox, Vitamin C, Oral Iron
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CANCER
PREVENTATIVE DIET
1. Diet high in fiber (brown bread,
whole wheat, bran cereal)
2. Diet low in red meat (avoid burnt meat
& marinate prior to cooking.
3. Have fruits/vegetables daily (at least
five of either daily).
4. Vitamin Supplements - E, A, C, Selenium,
Zinc, Beta Carotene
5. Calcium Supplement with Vitamin D
6. Take a baby aspirin daily.
7. Omega 3 Fish Oil is cardiac preventative.
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FOODS AND/OR THINGS
THAT TEND TO CAUSE GAS
Description:
This diet list gives foods that cause many people to have increased
gas and bloating.
Vegetables:
Beans Peas Corn
Potatoes Lentils Cabbage
Soybeans Shallots Sauerkraut
Onions Avocado Scallions
Leeks Radishes Turnips
Sweet Potatoes Bell Peppers Cucumbers
Brussel Sprouts Cauliflower Broccoli
Rutabagas Carrots Celery
Eggplant
Beverages:
Carbonated drinks - Cokes, Beer, 7-UP, etc.
Low calorie or diet drinks containing Sorbitol
Juices - pear, grape, orange, grapefruit, tomato
Coffee
Milk and milk products
Fruit:
Raw apples Pears Apricots
Prunes Raisins Bananas
Melon - watermelon, cantaloupe, honeydew
Breads, Cereals, Eggs:
Popovers, Beaten egg whites, Wheat flour, Bran, Wheat Germ
MISCELLANEOUS
Pretzels, Souffles, Nuts,
Sucking on hard candy, Chocolate, Piminento
OTHER FACTORS TO BE CONSIDERED:
1. Eat slowly and chew your food well before
swallowing.
2. Drink liquids either before or after meals, not with, to avoid
swallowing air.
3. If you do drink a carbonated beverage (soft drink), pour it out
of the bottle/can into a glass and let most of the air bubbles escape
before sipping.
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GERD/WEIGHT
REDUCTION DIET
Purpose: This
diet is used for patient's who have problems with reflux and need
to lose weight to help control symptoms.
ALL LISTINGS = ONE
SERVING
The number of servings allowed in a day are determined by the amount
of calories needed.
1200 calorie diet: 5 breads daily,
2 fruits daily, 4 meats daily, 2 milks daily, 3 fats daily, and
3 vegetables daily
1500 calorie diet: 7 breads daily, 3 fruits daily, 5 meats daily,
2 milks daily, 3 fats daily, and 3 vegetables daily
1800 calorie diet: 9 breads daily, 4 fruits daily, 6 meats daily,
2 milks daily, 4 fats daily, and 3 vegetables daily
MEATS
1 oz lean beef.
1 oz chicken or turkey, without skin
1 oz lean pork
1oz veal
1 oz fish (fresh or frozen)
¼ cup tuna or salmon, canned
1 oz lamb
2 oz shellfish
1 egg
3 egg whites
¼ cup egg substitute
1 oz diet cheese
2 tbsp Parmesan cheese
1 oz lean luncheon meat (95 % fat free)
AVOID:
Fried meats, fried chicken, fried fish or seafood. Also avoid spicy
sausages, frankfurters, bacon, liver.
FATS
1 tsp margarine
1 tsp mayonnaise
1 tsp oil: corn, olive, safflower, sunflower, and canola
1 tbsp salad dressing, regular
2 tbsp salad dressing, low-fat
1 tbsp diet margarine or mayonnaise
1/8 avocado
AVOID:
Butter, cream, cream cheese, bacon drippings, and peanut butter.
FRUITS
1 small apple, kiwi, pear, nectarine, peach
½ medium banana
¾ cup blackberries, blueberries
1/3 cantaloupe
12 large raw cherries
15 small grapes
1/8 medium honeydew melon
2 plums
1 ¼ cup strawberries or watermelon
½ cup canned unsweetened fruit, except pineapple
½ cup juice: apple, grape, white grape, prune
AVOID:
all citrus fruits (fresh, frozen, or canned) or juices, such as
orange, grapefruit, and pineapple.
VEGETABLES
½ cup cooked vegetables
1 cup raw vegetables
Starchy vegetables are counted as bread and are listed under the
"Bread and Starch" list.
Some vegetables are great to snack on. They are listed under the
"Free Food" list.
AVOID:
Fresh or cooked tomatoes, tomato juice, and all tomato products.
DAIRY
1 cup skim, 1%, or 2% milk
8 oz yogurt: plain, nonfat, or low-fat
½ cup evaporated skim milk
AVOID:
Whole milk, cream
BREADS AND STARCHES
½ bagel
1 slice bread: white, wheat, rye, French
2 slices reduced calorie bread, any type
½ English muffin
½ hamburger or hot dog bun
1 reduced calorie hamburger or hot dog bun
½ pita
1 small dinner roll
1 tortilla
½ cup bran flakes
½ cup cooked oatmeal, grits or cream of wheat
3 tbsp grape nuts
¾ cup ready to eat cereal: Special K, Corn Flakes, Cheerios,
etc
1 ½ cup puffed rice or wheat
8 animal crackers
3 graham crackers, 2 ½ inch square
3 cups plain air popped popcorn
¾ oz pretzels
6 saltine crackers
6 vanilla wafers
1/3 cup cooked beans, peas or lentils
½ cup cooked pasta
½ cup cooked rice
½ cup corn
½ cup lima beans
1 small plain baked potato
½ cup mashed potatoes
1/3 cup sweet potatoes, plain
1 cup winter squash
CONDIMENTS
Salt, herbs, small amounts of plain mustard are well tolerated.
AVOID:
ketchup, hot sauces, taco sauce, spicy mustard, black and red pepper.
BEVERAGES
Water
Herbal, caffeine free tea
Sugar free drink mixes, except lemonade or orangeade
Caffeine free, sugar free soft drinks, in moderation
Decaffeinated coffee, in moderation
Non fat bouillon or broth
FREE FOODS
Sugar free jello
1-2 tbsp sugar free pancake syrup
1-2 tbsp sugar free jam or jelly
2 tbsp fat free whipped topping
Sweet and Low, Equal, and Splenda sweeteners
1-cup raw veggies: celery, cucumbers, carrots, zuchinni, broccoli,
mushrooms, and lettuce
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HIGH
FIBER DIET
Intended Use:
The high fiber diet may be used in the treatment of constipation,
diverticular disease, hemorrhoids, spastic colon, irritable bowel,
colon cancer and obesity. The purpose of the diet is to increase
the fiber content that increases the frequency and volume of stools
while increasing transit time. This promotes more frequent bowel
movements and results in softer stools.
Adequacy:
This diet can meet the requirements of the
Recommended Dietary Allowances (1980 revision) for the healthy adult.
General Information:
Follow a regular diet except use high fiber
foods (whole grain breads and cereals, fresh fruits and vegetables),
and decrease refined foods such as white bread, rolls, refined cereals
and pasta.
Individual needs and food tolerances
should be considered.
Drink six (6) to eight (8) cups of
water daily.
Consult your physician regarding foods
such as caffeine containing beverages and prunes due to laxative
effect.
HIGH FIBER
Breads: Whole Wheat, Cornbread (coarse
ground meal), Graham Crackers
Cereals: All Bran (100%), Shredded
Wheat, Oatmeal, Brown Rice, Whole Wheat Cereal
Vegetables:
Asparagus, Broccoli, Brussel Sprouts, Carrots, Cabbage, Turnips,
Cauliflower, Celery, Okra, Corn, Onions, Eggplant, Squash, Lettuce,
Tomatoes, Greens (all varieties), Green Beans, Dried Beans, Peas,
Potato (with skin), Spinach
Miscellaneous: Popcorn, Nuts, Seeds (sunflower, sesame, poppy)
Fruits: Dried Fruits, Apples (with
peel), Oranges, Grapefruit, Pears, Pineapple, Peanut Butter (crunchy),
Banana, Peaches, Figs, Prunes, Strawberries, All Berries
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STOOLS FOR OCCULT
BLOOD DIET
Purpose:
This diet is used when collecting stool samples to check for blood.
The items on this diet may cause stools to be falsely positive for
blood. Please follow this diet as instructed if you are collecting
stool samples.
Please follow this diet for 2 (two)
days before collecting stool specimens and continue it until you
have collected all the stool specimens. Start collecting the stool
on the 3rd (third) day. Each specimen should be from 3 (three) separate
bowel movements.
1. Do Not eat red meats, turnips,
radishes or horseradish because these foods may cause a false positive
result. Small amounts of chicken, turkey and tuna fish may be eaten
because they will not interfere with test results.
2. Do Not take any iron supplements.
Examples: Fergon, Feasol, Ferrancee HP.
3. Do Not take any aspirin or products
containing aspirin (check the labels), anti-inflammatory products
(Motrin, Advil, Feldene, etc.) because these may cause stomach irritation
and/or bleeding.
4. Do Not take Vitamin C or any multivitamin
containing Vitamin C because it could cause a false-negative result.
5. Eat plenty of vegetables (especially
lettuce, spinach and corn), fruits (especially apples, prunes, and
grapes) and a bran-containing cereal or bread. If any of these foods
cause you problems, just eat the ones you can tolerate.
6. Do Not collect specimens if you
have active Hemorrhoidal or menstrual bleeding.
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LOW
CHOLESTEROL/LOW TRIGLYCERIDE
DIET GUIDELINES
Foods to Use-
Meats, Fish:
Choose lean meats (chicken, turkey, veal, and non-fatty cuts of
beef with excess fat trimmed; one serving = 3oz. of cooked meat).
Also, fresh or frozen fish, canned fish packed in water, and shellfish
(lobster, crabs, shrimp, oysters). Limit use to no more than one
serving of one of these per week. Shellfish are high in cholesterol
but low in saturated fat and should be used sparingly. Meats and
fish should be broiled (pan or oven) or baked on a rack.
Eggs:
Egg substitutes and egg whites (use freely). Egg yolks (limit two
per week).
Fruits:
Eat three servings of fresh fruit per day (1 serving = ½
cup). Be sure to have at least one citrus fruit daily. Frozen or
canned fruit with no sugar or syrup added may be used.
Vegetables:
Most vegetables are not limited. One dark green (string beans, escarole)
or one deep yellow (squash) vegetable is recommended daily. Cauliflower,
broccoli, and celery, as well as potato skins, are recommended for
their fiber content. (Fiber is associated with cholesterol reduction).
It is preferable to steam vegetables, but they may be boiled, strained,
or braised with polyunsaturated vegetable oil (see below).
Beans
Dried peas or beans (1 serving = ½ cup) may be used as a
bread substitute.
Nuts
Almonds, walnuts and peanuts may be used sparingly ( 1 serving =
1 tablespoonful). Use pumpkin, sesame or sunflower seeds.
Breads
One roll or one slice of whole-grain or enriched bread . Grains
may be used, or three soda crackers or four pieces of melba toast
as a substitute. Spaghetti, rice or noodles (1/2 cup) or ½
large ear of corn may be used as a bread substitute. In preparing
these foods, do not use butter or shortening; use soft margarine.
Also use egg and sugar substitutes. Choose high-fiber grains, such
as oats and whole wheat.
Cereals
Use ½ cup of hot cereal or ¾ cup of cold cereal per
day. Add a
sugar substitute if desired, with 99% fat-free or skim milk.
Milk Products
Always use 99% fat-free or skim milk, dairy products such as low-fat
cheeses (farmer's, uncreamed, diet, cottage), low-fat yogurt, and
powdered skim milk.
Fats, Oils Use soft (not stick) margarine;
vegetable oils that are high in polyunsaturated fats (such as safflower,
sunflower, soybean, corn, and cottonseed). Always refrigerate meat
drippings to harden the fat and remove it before preparing gravies.
Desserts
Limit to two servings per day; substitute each serving for a bread/cereals
serving: ice milk, water sherbet (1/4 cup); unflavored gelatin or
gelatin flavored with sugar substitute (1/3 cup); pudding prepared
with skim milk (1/2 cup); egg white soufflés; unbuttered
popcorn (1 ½ cups). Substitute carob for chocolate.
Beverages
Fresh fruit juices (limit 4 oz. per day); black coffee, plain or
herbal teas; soft drinks with sugar substitutes; club soda, preferable
salt-free; cocoa made with skim milk or nonfat dried milk and water
(sugar substitute added if desired); clear broth. Alcohol: limit
two servings per day.
Miscellaneous
You may use the following freely: vinegar, spices, herbs, nonfat
bouillon, mustard, Worcestershire sauce, soy sauce, flavoring essence.
Foods To Avoid-
Meats,Fish
Marbled beef, pork, bacon, sausage, and other pork products; fatty
fowl (duck, goose); skin and fat of turkey and chicken; processed
meats; luncheon meats (salami, bologna); frankfurters and fast-food
hamburgers (they're loaded with fat); organ meats (kidneys, liver);
canned fish packed in oil.
Eggs
Limit egg yolks to two per week.
Fruits
Coconuts (rich in saturated fats).
Vegetables
Avoid avocados. Starchy vegetables (potatoes, corn, lima beans,
dried peas, beans) may be used only if substitutes for a serving
of bread or cereal. (Baked potato skin, however, is desirable for
its fiber content.)
Beans
Commercial baked beans with sugar and/or pork added.
Nuts
Avoid nuts. Limit peanuts and walnuts to one tablespoonful per day.
Breads
Any baked goods with shortening and/or sugar. Commercial mixes with
Grains dried eggs and whole milk. Avoid sweet rolls, doughnuts,
breakfast pastries (Danish), and sweetened packaged cereals (the
added sugar converts readily to triglycerides).
Milk Products
Whole milk and whole- milk packaged goods; cream; ice cream; whole-milk
puddings, yogurt, or cheeses; nondairy cream substitutes.
Fats,Oils:
Butter, lard, animal fats, bacon drippings, gravies, cream sauces,
as well as palm and coconut oils. All these are high in saturated
fats. Examine labels on "cholesterol-free" products for
"hydrogenated fats". (These are oils that have been hardened
into solids and in the process have become saturated.)
Desserts:
Fried snack foods like potato chips; chocolate; candies in general;
jams,
Snacks jellies, syrups; whole-milk puddings; ice cream and milk
sherbets; hydrogenated peanut butter.
Beverages:
Sugared fruit juices and soft drinks; cocoa made with whole milk
and/or sugar. When using alcohol (1 oz. liquor, 5 oz. beer, or 2
½ oz. dry table wine per serving), one serving must be substituted
for one bread or cereal serving (limit, two servings of alcohol
per day).
Special Notes:
1. Remember that even nonlimited foods should be used in moderation.
2. While on a cholesterol-lowering
diet, be sure to avoid animal fats and marbled meats.
3. While on a triglyceride-lowering
diet, be sure to avoid sweets and to
control the amount of carbohydrates you eat (starchy foods such
as
flour, bread, potatoes).
4. Buy a good low-fat cookbook, such
as the one published by the American Heart Association.
5. Consult your physician if you
have any questions.
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Low
Fiber/Low Residue Diet
Purpose:
Dietary fiber is the indigestible part of plants that maintains
the structure of the plant. Dietary fiber includes cellulose, hemicellulose,
polysaccharides, pectins, gums, mucilages, and lignins. Although
they are chemically unrelated, they all resist digestion by the
human body. It is this resistance that makes these fibers important
in both the normal functioning and in disorders of the large intestine
or colon.
In certain medical conditions, it
is important to restrict fiber. These include acute or subacute
diverticulitis, and the acute phases of certain inflammatory conditions
of the bowel - ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease. After some
types of intestinal surgery, a low fiber, low residue diet may be
used as a transition to a regular diet. A low fiber diet is also
used for a period of time after a colostomy or ileostomy is performed.
This diet is also used after a colonoscopy if your doctor had to
remove a polyp from you colon.
Nutrition Facts:
Depending upon individual food selection, the Low Fiber, Low Residue
Diet is adequate in all nutrients (National Research Council's Recommended
Dietary Allowance). If the diet must be strict and followed over
a long period of time, the intake of fruits and vegetables may not
be adequate; and/or on a low residue diet, there may not be enough
calcium included. In these cases, a multi-vitamin supplement or
liquid nutritional supplement may be needed.
Special Considerations: If a low fiber
or low residue diet results in abdominal cramps or discomfort, notify
the dietitian or physician immediately.
FOOD GROUPS
Milk & Milk Products: (2 or more
cups daily)
Recommend: all milk products
Avoid: Low Residue Diet only 2 cups daily of all milk products
Vegetables: (3 or more servings daily)
Recommend: lettuce; vegetable juice without pulp; the following
cooked vegetables: yellow squash (without seeds), green beans, wax
beans, spinach, pumpkin, eggplant, potatoes without skin, asparagus,
beets, carrots
Avoid: vegetables juices with pulp, raw vegetables except lettuce,
cooked vegetables not on recommended list
Fruits: (2 or more servings daily)
Recommend: fruit-juices without pulp, canned fruit except pineapple,
ripe bananas, melons
Avoid: fruit-juices with pulp, canned pineapple, fresh fruit except
those on Recommend list, prunes, prune juice, dried fruit, jam,
marmalade
Starches - Bread & Grains: (4
or more servings daily)
Recommend: bread and cereals made from refined flours, pasta, white
rice
Avoid: whole-grain breads, cereals, rice, pasta; bran cereal; oatmeal
Meat or meat substitutes: (5 to 6
oz. daily)
Recommend: meat, poultry, eggs, seafood
Avoid: chunky peanut butter, nuts, seeds, dried beans, dried peas
Fats and oils: (servings depend on
caloric needs)
Recommend: all oils, margarine, butter
Avoid: coconut
Sweets and desserts: (servings depend
on caloric needs)
Recommend: all not on Avoid list
Avoid: desserts containing nuts, coconut
Miscellaneous:
Recommend: all not on Avoid list
Avoid: popcorn, pickles, horseradish, relish
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MILK
FREE DIET
Avoid milk in ALL forms. If there
is any question regarding a prepared food, read the ingredient list
on the label. Other name for milk is lactose. People who cannot
drink or eat milk products are lacking an enzyme called lactase.
This is a list of foods where milk
commonly occurs.
· Custard, ice cream, ice milk,
milk pudding & junket.
· Batters, waffles, pancakes,
cake, cookies and prepared flours (Bisquick).
· Ordinary bread
· Malted milk, Ovaltine, cocomalt,
drinking chocolate, buttermilk, canned or dried milk.
· Milk chocolate candy, chocolate
creams, filled candy bars & nougat.
· Cottage cheese & other
cheese.
· Cream of rice & macaroni
· Any foods prepared with milk,
cheese, & cream such as gravies, cream sauces, fritters, rarebits,
timbales, soufflés, au gratin dishes & omelets.
· Powdered milk
· Frankfurters, sausages &
wiener schnitzel. (Dried skim milk is used as
a binder)
For more nutrition information, you may visit the following websites:
www.foodallergy.org
www.eatright.org
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© 1997-2000 Iberia Gastroenterology Associates,
Inc.
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